Cultural history Music Keroncong

Before the advent of rock music, pop music or other music, keroncong music have been first there and entertain those who are hungry for entertainment will sound art. Its history is long, if traced, but menilisik about the origins of the music itself, there are many diverse opinions ejected with each having their own opinions.

The first opinion is more likely to say that the form is not a form of music keroncong import (foreign), but actually the fruit of the ancestors of Indonesia itself and the outside is coming from his instrument. This instrument is the first entry into Indonesia and brought by the Portuguese. Associated with the Moorish Arabs who affect the course of the history of cultural development in Europe to Asia.

The second opinion said keroncong music developed by Moresko class. Moresko class is part of the Moors who did not flee to mainland Africa Islam and do not want to languish in camps of the Spanish Inquisition who at the time was victorious, and prefer to go to the Christian religion.

Most of the descendants Moresko be mercenaries and join venture to different parts of the world, among others, there are then stranded in the monument area, North Jakarta. To forget the bitterness of the past, then their offspring playing keroncong music with songs Moresko. The third opinion says keroncong music is said to originate from Meztezia tribes. Meztezia group are descendants of slaves from Portuguese: employer after they were eliminated by the Dutch colonialists who mixed with the native population and with people from the Netherlands and a Christian Ambonese were housed in a village in Batavia called Chrysanthemum or Kampung Tugu.

Judith Becker, who is a researcher said keroncong is a general term for a popular, sentimental songs sung throughout Indonesia and are generally introduced by the Portuguese in the 16th century. He also said that keroncong brought to eastern Indonesia (particularly Maluku) along with guitar instrument Portuguese sailors, and it was apparently quickly accepted by the natives. While Ernest Heins who is also a researcher stated his opinion, that keroncong inherited multiracial situation in the Portuguese colonial system in the late 16th century and the castle beyond their village.

Some researchers such as A. Th Manusama, Antonio Pinto da Franca, Abdurahman Paramita R, and S. Brata found keroncong development history started in the 17th century, when the Portuguese began the descent Mardijkers introduced in Batavia and according to some researchers that keroncong is not an original art creation Indonesian people. Although Keroncong introduced by the Mardijkers, the Portuguese slaves who were later released by Dutch side then to the Dutch for a variety of interests, whether political, spiritual, social and cultural.

Mardijkers The term itself comes from the Malay language meaning independence. Position is a Mardijkers Vrijgelatene, one that is free and not as a slave anymore. Yapi Tambayong found keroncong Indonesia is a popular style of music and he thinks if there are people who say that the music keroncong from Portuguese, the person must be missing something.

The same thing was also said by Kusbini, a musician who is also an expert keroncong keroncong in Indonesia, he said that it was a genuine keroncong music creation and keroncong Indonesian nation is the nation's native Indonesia, is said also to him that keroncong songs original was much inspired by the song Portuguese-tune the 17th century but its tone and rhythm different from the original Indonesian keroncong. According Kusbini, Portuguese songs simply inspired and Indonesian people who created the tone and rhythm as well as the form of keroncong music game. Kusbini also said the differing opinions about the ukulele instrument it says not derived from Portuguese, but it comes from Hawaii and Indonesia playing the ukulele way different from the way people of Hawaii. Some of the Portuguese song loved by many people of Indonesia and the Indonesian people trying to play it in his own way.

Basically keroncong music is a compound of a wave of Western musical culture and the local musical culture (referred to the local culture is the culture of the region and traditional culture) are accepted and adapted to the ability of local initiative and creativity genius. Local genius in question is the existence of the elements or characteristics traditionally are able to survive and then have kmampuan to accommodate cultural elements from outside as well as integrate into the native culture.

Keroncong music lovers also agreed saying that keroncong music is one of the nation's cultural evidence, namely the Indonesian nation. It appears in the Indonesian keroncong and can not in other countries, also in Portuguese. Any late Andjar found keroncong music is genius product of Indonesian society and there are a few things to consider about this opinion, which one is in his opinion there is no Portuguese keroncong music. (Various sources)